The W-9 form is your way of providing tax information to clients who need to report payments to you and the IRS. It includes your legal name, business name (if different), address, and taxpayer identification number (Social Security Number or EIN). Clients use this information to issue 1099 forms at year-end.
Many clients will request a completed W-9 before starting work or making payments. This is normal business practice for any contractor relationship. Providing a W-9 doesn't change your worker status — you're still an independent contractor, not an employee.
Example
Before starting a consulting contract, the client emails you a W-9 form to complete with your name, address, and Social Security Number for their accounting records.
Why It Matters for Freelancers
W-9 forms are required for contractor relationships and 1099 reporting. Having them ready helps you start client relationships quickly and professionally.
W-9 Form FAQs
When should I expect requests for W-9 forms?
Many clients request W-9s before starting work, after your first invoice, or at the beginning of each calendar year.
Should I use my SSN or get an EIN?
Either works legally. Many freelancers prefer EINs for privacy and professional appearance. EINs are free from the IRS.
What if a client doesn't request a W-9?
Some clients are disorganized or don't know the rules. You might not receive a 1099, but you still owe taxes on all income earned.
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